As the demand for artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and digital storage continues to grow, developers are increasingly proposing new data centers throughout New Jersey. While data centers can provide economic benefits, local residents and community organizations must carefully evaluate whether a proposed facility is appropriate for its location. Lawyers representing citizens’ groups involved in data center opposition frequently find that many proposals raise significant concerns involving land use compatibility, infrastructure capacity, and impacts on surrounding neighborhoods.

One of the most important considerations is whether the proposed data center is being located in an area suitable for such an intensive use. Data centers often require large buildings, extensive security measures, backup power generation systems, and significant utility infrastructure. Community groups should review local zoning ordinances, master plans, and redevelopment plans to determine whether the proposal is consistent with long-term municipal planning objectives. Even where a use is technically permitted, residents may have legitimate concerns about whether the facility belongs in close proximity to homes, schools, environmentally sensitive areas, or existing commercial districts.

Infrastructure impacts also deserve careful scrutiny. Data centers can consume substantial amounts of electricity and water while generating stormwater runoff that may affect nearby properties and waterways. Backup generators and cooling systems may create noise that impacts neighboring residential areas. Community organizations should evaluate expert reports addressing utility demands, traffic during construction, stormwater management systems, environmental impacts, and emergency preparedness. Independent expert review is often necessary to determine whether a developer’s submissions accurately reflect the project’s true impacts.

Finally, effective data center opposition requires a thorough understanding of the local land use approval process. Community groups should become involved early, attend public hearings, review application materials, and consult experienced land use counsel when appropriate. Municipal boards are often required to consider testimony concerning environmental impacts, neighborhood character, infrastructure adequacy, and compliance with zoning requirements. By participating actively in the review process, residents can help ensure that data centers are strategically located and that projects proposed in inappropriate locations receive the scrutiny they deserve.

This column was prepared by Stuart Lieberman, Esq.